ایمونو هیستوشیمی

Name: Rabbit anti-human Myo-D1 Monoclonal Antibody clone EP212

Description and applications: MyoD1 is a protein with a key role in regulating muscle differentiation. It regulates muscle cell differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest, a prerequisite for myogenic initiation. The protein is also involved in muscle regeneration. MyoD1 is expressed in developing skeletal muscle tissue but faintly in adult skeletal muscle. In abnormal tissues, it labels tumour cell in rhabdomyosarcoma. MyoD1 is one of the earliest markers of myogenic commitment. Antibody to MyoD1 has been useful to differentiate rhabdomyosarcomas from other tumors. It is a sensitive and specific marker for myogenic differentiation

Composition: anti-human Myo-D1 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Name: Mast Cell Tryptase Antibody Clone EP259

Description and applications: Human mast cell tryptase, comprises a family of trypsin-like neutral serine proteinases that are predominantly expressed in mast cells. Tryptase has effects on peptides, proteins, cells, and tissues, and many of these actions can ultimately contribute to asthma symptoms. Mast-cell tryptase is found in mast-cell granules and has also been reported to be expressed by peripheral blood basophils at low level. Tryptase has been used as a marker of mast cell activation.

Composition: Anti-human Mast Cell Tryptase rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM
PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: Melanoma-Associated Antigen-1 (MAGE-1)Antibody Clone 6C1

Description and applications: Human malignant neoplasms carry rejection antigens that are recognized by the patients’ autologous,
tumor-directed and specific, cytolytic, CD8+ T lymphocyte clones (CTL). An important group of antigens is coded by the MAGE family of genes. It was identified that melanomas and primary glial brain tumors express common melanoma associated  antigens (MAAs). Because MAGE-1 is expressed on a significant proportion of human neoplasms of various histological types (melanoma, brain tumors of glial origin, neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer, breast, gastric, colorectal, ovarian, renal cell carcinomas) and not on normal tissues, the encoded antigen may serve as a marker of early detection and target for cancer immunotherapy.

Composition: Anti-human MAGE-1 mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name:Melanoma Antibody Clone HMB-45

Description and applications:This antibody gives a qualitative assessment of malignant melanoma, which can be extremely difficult
to diagnose. Metastatic amelanotic melanoma can often be confused with a variety of poorly diferentiated carcinomas, large cell lymphomas, and sarcomas. It is also difficult to differentiate melanoma from spindle cell carcinomas and various types of mesenchymal neoplasms. Melanoma antibody stains fetal and neonatal melanocytes, junctional and blue nevus cells, and malignant melanocytes. Typically, a keratin negative, vimentin rich neoplasm, that immunoreacts with antibody to S-100 protein and this melanoma antibody is, with rare exception, a melanoma.As a marker of melanosomes, careful should be taken as malanofages can also be stained.

Composition: Anti-human Melanoma mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: anti-Melanoma Associated Antigen Antibody Clone KBA.62

Description and applications: Anti-KBA.62 (Melanoma Associated Antigen) is a novel antimelanoma antibody. Studies thus far have shown a similar sensitivity to melanocytic proliferations as that seen with S-100 protein staining, which is somewhat higher than that seen with HMB-45. This has been con#rmed by one study on a series of 215 sentinel lymph nodes. Moreover, anti-KBA.62 identi#ed 6 patients (3%) who had con#rmed sentinel lymph node metastasis but stained negative for HMB-45. In this setting, the resolution appears to be higher than S- 100 protein in that the staining pattern (membranous) is quite distinct. Interestingly, most cases of desmoplastic and spindle cell melanomas show strongly positive results with anti-KBA.62, unlike that seen with other melanocyte markers. It should be noted that anti-KBA.62 will label occasional endothelial cells which can serve as an internal positive control. A small percentage of  well differentiated squamous cell carcinomas of the skin (and lung) have also been noted to stain with this antibody; however, the poorly-differentiated forms of carcinoma do not, thus resolving a greater practical problem in differential diagnosis. Therefore, anti-KBA.62 is a useful additional marker for melanoma, specifically in desmoplastic/spindle cell cases and in the context of micro-metastasis in sentinel lymph node.

Composition: anti-human KBA.62 mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: MITF (Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor) Antibody Clone C5+D5

Description and applications: This antibody reacts with human microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF). The MITF gene (microphthalmia transcription factor, MITF) encodes a nuclear helix-loop-helix transcription factor involved in pigmentation and mast and bone cell development. The MITF gene is essential for the normal development of melanocytes and is responsible for the regulation of the expression of other genes related to the melanocytic lineage: tyrosinase genes, SILV/PMEL17/GP100 (encoding HMB45), MLANA/MART1 (coding for Melan A), TRP-1, and TRP-2. Mutation of the MITF gene in humans causes Waardenburg syndrome IIA and Tietz syndrome, characterized by pigmentation disorders and deafness, the latter due to melanocyte deficiency in the inner ear. There are two known isoforms of MITF that differ in 66 amino acid residues from the amino terminus. The shortest isoform of MITF is melanocyte-specific. MITF-M is expressed in both normal and malignant melanocytes. The other isoforms, MITF-A, MITF-C, and MITF-H, differ structurally from MITF-M at the amino terminus and are expressed in osteoclasts, mast and heart cells, and in B16 melanoma cell lines (although not in other melanoma cell lines). The anti-MITF antibody reacts against the melanocytic and non melanocytic isoforms of the MITF gene, and although it does not distinguish between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions, it shows high sensitivity and specificity as a histopathological marker of melanocytes and melanocyte-derived neoplasms (melanomas). Using MITF and Melan A in the same panel of melanoma markers, the sensitivity (95%) and specificity (100%) values obtained are higher than those obtained using the S100 protein and HMB45, even in cytological samples. MITF, Melan-A, and tyrosinase are sensitive markers for the diagnosis of epithelioid melanomas. Low levels of Melan-A and MITF have been shown to correlate with a poorer prognosis. MITF has demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity to detect invasive malignancies of melanocytic origin and to study sentinel lymph nodes.

Composition: Anti-human MITF mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: MLH1 Antibody Clone BS29

Description and aplications: MLH1 is a mismatch repair gene that is deficient in a high proportion of patients with microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This finding is associated with the autosomal dominant condition known as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colon Cancer (HNPCC). The anti-MLH1 antibody is useful in screening patients and families for this condition. Colon cancers that are microsatellite unstable have a better prognosis than their microsatellite stable counterparts. Along with PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6, MLH1 antibody is helpful in diagnosis of MSI. An IHC study conducted by Mayo clinic on 535 cases with MSI-high, 90% of the tumors showed loss of MLH1, MSH2 and/or MSH6 expression, while 70% of the remaining cases showed isolated loss of PMS2 expression. Endometrial carcinomas are the most common non-colorectal cancers occur in HNPCC. The most common IHC abnormality in endometrial carcinomas with MSI was concurrent loss of MLH1/PMS2. Adding of PMS2 and MSH6 to MLH1 and MSH2 antibodies increased sensitivity for diagnosis of MSI. Tumors with low-level MSI show unfavourable pathological characteristics compared to tumours with no and tumours with high-level MSI.

Composition: anti-human MLH1 mouse monoclonal antibody obtained from supernatant culture and prediluted in a tris buffered solution pH 7.4 containing 0.375mM sodium azide solution as bacteriostatic and bactericidal.

Name: Napsin A Antibody-Clone BS10

Description and aplications: Napsin is a pepsin-like aspartic proteinase, in the A1 group of the AA class of proteinases. There are two closely related napsins, napsin A and napsin B. Napsin A is expressed as a single chain protein with the molecular weight of approximately 38 kDa. Immunohistochemical studies revealed high expression levels of napsin A in human lung and kidney but low expression in spleen. Napsin A is expressed in type II pneumocytes and in adenocarcinomas of lung. The high specificity expression of napsin A in adenocarcinomas of lung is useful to distinguish primary lung adenocarcinomas from adenocarcinomas of other organs. Napsin A is also useful for the study of renal papillary adenocarcinomas and clear cell adenocarcinomas as it might be positive in high percentage of the cases. Conversely it is expressed by less than 5% of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid.

Composition: anti-Napsin A mouse monoclonal antibody obtained from supernatant culture and prediluted in a tris buffered solution pH 7.4 containing 0.375mM sodium azide solution as bacteriostatic and bactericidal.

Name: Neuronal Nuclear Protein  (NeuN)-clone A60

Description and aplications: NeuN antibody (NEUronal Nuclei; clone A60) specifically recognizes the DNA-binding, neuron-specific protein NeuN, which is present in most CNS and PNS neuronal cell types of all vertebrates. NeuN protein distributions are apparently restricted to neuronal nuclei, perikarya and some proximal neuronal processes in both fetal and adult brain although, some neurons fail to be recognized by NeuN at all ages: INL retinal cells, Cajal-Retzius cells, Purkinje cells, inferior olivary and dentate nucleus neurons, and sympathetic ganglion cells are examples. Immunohistochemically detectable NeuN protein first appears at developmental timepoints that correspond with the withdrawal of the neuron from the cell cycle and/or with the initiation of terminal differentiation of the neuron. Immunoreactivity appears around E9.5 in the mouse neural tube and is extensive throughout the developing nervous system by E12.5. Strong nuclear staining suggests a nuclear regulatory protein function; however, no evidence currently exists as to whether the NeuN protein antigen has a function in the distal cytoplasm or whether it is merely synthesized there before being transported back into the nucleus. No difference between protein isolated from purified nuclei and whole brain extract on immunoblots has been found. The A60 antibody is a neuronal widely used tumor marker. NeuN is expressed in the neuronal component gangliogliomas , ganglioneuromas , Lhermitte -Duclos disease ( gangliocytoma with cerebellar dysplasia) , neurocitomas , in well-differentiated neurons and the oligodendrocytes like component present in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors . The expression in over 60% of the cells in glial tumors has been referenced in specific cases (1 oligodendroglioma , 3 glioblastomas and one clear cell ependymoma from over 600 cases studied ) . NeuN is often negative in the component neuronal ganglion cell tumors in particular when it is morphologically differentiated . This antibody cross-reacts with other species (mouse, rat, pig , etc.).

Composition: anti- Neuronal Nuclear Protein (NeuN) mouse monoclonal antibody obtained from supernatant culture and prediluted in a tris buffered solution pH 7.4 containing 0.375mM sodium azide solution as bacteriostatic and bactericidal. The quantity of the active antibody was not determined.

Immunogen: Purified cell nuclei from mouse brain

Name: Neurofilament 70/200 kDa Antibody-Clone 2F11

Description and aplication: AntiNeurofilament antibody stains an antigen localized in a number of neural, neuroendocrine, and endocrine tumors. Neuromas, ganglioneuromas, gangliogliomas, ganglioneuroblastomas and neuroblastomas stain positively for neurofilament. Neurofilaments are also present in paragangliomas and adrenal and extraadrenal pheochromocytomas. Carcinoids, neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin, and oat cell carcinomas of the lung also express neurofilament.

Composition:Anti-human Neurofilament mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: MSH2 (MutS Protein Homolog 2) Mouse] Antibody Clone FE11

Description and applications: MSH2 is involved in DNA repair as a mismatch repair protein, and mutations of MSH2 are found in approximately 50% of inherited non polyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC) (Lynch syndrome) cases. HNPCC is an autosomal, dominantly inherited disease associated with marked increase in cancer susceptibility. It is characterized by a familial predisposition to early onset colorectal carcinoma and extra-colonic cancers of the gastrointestinal, urological and female reproductive tracts.

Composition: anti-human MSH2 mouse monoclonal antibody purified from ascites fluid by Protein A chromatography. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.