دسته: ایمونو هیستوشیمی

Specification:

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a glycosylphospatidyl inositol-anchored membrane protein, which may also be found in a secreted form. Recently, GPC3 was identified to be useful tumour marker for the diagnosis of HCC, hepatoblastoma, melanoma, testicular germ cell tumours, and Wilms tumour. In patients with HCC, GPC3 was overexpressed in neoplastic liver tissue and elevated in serum but was undetectable in normal liver, benign liver, and the serum of healthy donors. GPC3 expression was also found to be higher in HCC liver tissue than in cirrhotic liver or liver with focal lesions such as dysplastic nodules and areas of hepatic adenoma (HA) with malignant transformation. In the context of testicular germ cell tumours, GPC3 expression is up regulated in certain histologic subtypes, specifically yolk sac tumours and choriocarcinoma. A high level of GPC3 expression has also been found in some types of embryonal tumours, such as Wilms tumour and hepatoblastoma, with a low or undetectable expression in normal adjacent tissue. Together these studies indicate that GPC3 is an important tumour marker.

Immunogen:

A recombinant fragment containing amino acids 511-580 of human glypican-3

Presentation:

Bioreactor Concentrate with 0.05% Azide

Specification:

CD7 antigen is a cell surface glycoprotein of 40 kD expressed on the surface of immature and mature T-cells as well as natural Killer (NK) cells. It is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and is the first T-cell lineage associated antigen to appear in T-cell ontogeny, being expressed in T-cell precursors (preceding CD2 expression), and in myeloid precursors, in fetal liver and bone marrow, and persisting in circulating mature T-cells. While its precise function is not known, it is suggested that the molecule functions as an Fc receptor for IgM. CD7 is the most consistently expressed T-cell antigen in lymphoblastic lymphomas/ leukemias and is therefore anti-CD7 is a useful marker in the identification of such neoplastic proliferations. In mature post-thymic T-cell neoplasms, CD7 is the most common pan-T antigen to be aberrantly expressed, which is a useful pointer to a neoplastic T-cell process. CD7 has been shown to be immunoexpressed in 85% of mature peripheral T-cells, the majority of post-thymic T-cells, NK cells, T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myelogenous leukemia, CD7 is conspicuously absent in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and is not expressed in mycosis fungoides.

Immunogen:

A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues of human CD7 protein

Presentation:

Antibody in Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide

 Specification:

CD33 (gp67, or siglec-3) is a 67 kDa glycosylated transmembrane protein that is a member of the sialic acid–binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (siglec) family. The genomic locus of this protein has been mapped to chromosome 19q13.1-3.5. In maturing granulocytic cells, there is progressive downregulation of CD33 from the blast stage to mature neutrophils. However, in monocytes and macrophages/histiocytes, strong expression of CD33 is maintained throughout maturation. Therefore, the positive control tissue should be bone marrow myeloid cells (especially myeloid precursors), liver Kupffer cells, lung alveolar macrophages, or placental syncytiotrophoblasts. Detection of CD33 using monoclonal antibodies has been a critical component in immunophenotyping acute leukemias, particularly acute myeloid leukemias. This anti-CD33 may be particularly advantageous for cases of acute myeloid leukemia, minimally differentiated (AML-M0) and acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5), in which other paraffin section markers of myeloid differentiation (such as antimyeloperoxidase) may be negative. However, anti-CD33 staining cannot be used in isolation and must be correlated with other myeloid and lymphoid markers because cases of myeloid antigen–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia may show bona fide CD33 expression.

Presentation:

Antibody diluted in Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide

Specification:

Transcription factors containing the POU homeo domain have been shown to be important regulators of tissue-specific gene expression in lymphoid and pituitary differentiation and in early mammalian development. POU domain proteins contain a bipartite DNA-binding domain divided by a flexible linker that enables them to adopt various monomer configurations on DNA. The versatility of POU protein operation is additionally conferred at the dimerization level. Oct-3 (also known as Oct-4) is a mammalian POU transcription factor expressed by early embryo cells and germ cells. Oct-3/4 is essential for the identity of the pluripotential founder cell population in the mammalian embryo. A critical amount of Oct3/4 is required to sustain stem-cell self renewal, and up or down regulation induce divergent developmental programs. Two isoforms of Oct-3,termed Oct-3A and Oct-3B, are generated by alternative splicing. The gene which encodes Oct-3/4 maps to human chromosome 6p21.3. Oct-3/4 (C-10) is recommended for detection of Oct-3A (Oct-4) and Oct-3B of mouse, rat and human origin by Western Blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and paraffin immunohistochemistry.

Immunogen:

Amino acids1-134 of Oct-3/4 of human origin

Presentation:

Purified antibody in 0.2 % BSA and 15mM sodium azide

Specification:

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) accounts for 5% to 10% of mature B-cell neoplasms and is an aggressive disease genetically characterized by overexpression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) due to the specific translocation t(11;14) (q13;q32)1. It is necessary that MCL be distinguished from potential morphologic mimics, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia/ small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) based on immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for CD5, CD23, and CD101. MCL and CLL both express CD5 but MCL, in contrast to CLL, generally lacks CD23 expression by IHC. FL lacks expression of both CD5 and CD23 but most often expresses CD10, whereas MZL is typically negative for all 3 antigens1. Cyclin D1 overexpression is thus the hallmark of MCL even though approximately 5%-10% of MCLs lack Cyclin D1 expression and may be misdiagnosed by overreliance on CyclinD1 IHC2-3. The recognition of cyclin D1negative MCL is difficult because it may resemble other small B-cell lymphomas morphologically and phenotypically4. Although the clinical information on cyclin D1-negative MCL is limited, published data indicate that the behavior of the variant is as aggressive as that of conventional MCL4,5. On the other hand, patients with small B-cell lymphomas mimicking MCL have a significantly better outcome than those with true MCL. It is, therefore, important to find reliable biomarkers that may allow the identification of cyclin D1-negative MCL in clinical practice.

SOX-11, the SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box11 gene, a transcription factor, normally is expressed in the developing human central nervous system6, medulloblastoma7, and glioma8. In a series study4, SOX- 11 expression was investigated in 54 cyclin D1-positive MCL and 209 other lymphoid neoplasms. Interestingly, nearly all MCL were strongly positive for antiSOX-11 (50/54, 93%), with a nuclear pattern. The staining was intense and relatively homogeneous in most of the cells.

Compared to anti-cyclin D1 staining, anti-SOX-11 reactivity was stronger and more homogeneous. Five T-cell and B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas showed strong SOX-11 nuclear expression. One case of classic Hodgkin lymphoma, two of eight BL and two of three T-cell prolymphocytic leukemias were also positive. SOX-11 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in the 12 cyclin D1-negative MCL, and all of them showed strong nuclear positive staining similar to that occurring in conventional cyclin D1-positive MCL4. The expression of SOX-11 in reactive tonsil, lymph node and spleen specimens was studied4. No nuclear expression was observed in any lymphocyte compartment4. Only cytoplasmic staining was seen in cells from reactive germinal centers. Zeng et al.9 has evaluated SOX- 11 expression by immunohistochemistry in 140 cases of mature B-cell neoplasms, including 4 cases of suspected blastoid MCL that lacked cyclin D1 expression and 8 cases of CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Nuclear expression of SOX-11 was found in cyclin D1-positive MCL (30/30, 100%) and in a case of cyclin D1-negative MCL with typical morphology. SOX-11 was expressed in Burkitt lymphoma (1/5, 20%) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (2/3 T-LBLs, 2/2 B-LBLs, overall 4/5, 80%), whereas all cases of DLBCL (including CD5-positive DLBCL) and other small B-cell neoplasms were negative. The 4 suspected cases of blastoid MCL were also anti-SOX-11-positive. These cases had a complex karyotype that included 12p abnormalities.

Therefore, the authors confirmed prior reports that SOX-11 nuclear expression was a specific marker for MCL, including cyclin D1-negative MCL with typical morphology. Their study indicates that SOX-11 IHC is of value in further defining pathologic features of CD5+ DLBCL. Routine use of anti-SOX-11 in cases of suspected CD5+ DLBCL might help identify additional cases of cyclin D1-negative blastoid MCL.

In summary, nuclear protein expression of SOX-11 is highly associated with both cyclin D1-positve and negative MCL. The detection of this transcription factor is a useful biomarker for identifying true cyclin D1- negative MCL. SOX-11 IHC is of value in further defining pathologic features of CD5+ DLBCL. Routine use of anti-SOX-11 in cases of suspected CD5+ DLBCL might help identify additional cases of cyclin D1-negative blastoid MCL. SOX-11 can also be detected in some BL, LBL and TPLL, although the different morphological and phenotypic features of these malignancies allow easy recognition of the cases of cyclin D1-negative MCL.

Presentation:

This antibody is diluted in Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide

Specification:

Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) is normally confined to the germ cells of the testis and ovary (1,2). NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a recently recognized cancer that is defined by the presence of chromosomal rearrangements involving the NUT gene on chromosome 15q14 (3). In most cases the chromosomal translocation occurs between NUT and BRD4 on chromosome 19, resulting in the formation of a BRD4-NUT fusion protein. In the remaining tumours, variant NUT rearrangements are present involving BRD3, a very close homolog of BRD4. BRD4-NUT and BRD3-NUT encode fusion proteins that appear to contribute to carcinogenesis by blocking epithelial cell differentiation. NMCs, which are aggressive and highly lethal carcinomas, are morphologically indistinguishable from other poorly differentiated carcinomas. Given the limited expression of endogenous NUT protein, this antibody can be used to detect NUT fusion proteins in tissues by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (2). NUT (C52B1) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of total NUT protein. The antibody also detects endogenous levels of the BRD4-NUT fusion protein found in NUT midline carcinoma (NMC).

Immunogen:

Recombinant protein corresponding to the human NUT protein

Presentation:

Supplied in 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 μg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide