دسته بندی: مونوکلونال

Name: CD56/NCAM-1 Antibody Clone 123C3

Description and applications: CD56, known as neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), was originally identified in the nervous system and belongs to a group of cell adhesion molecules including cadherins, selectins, and integrins. Anti-CD56 recognizes two proteins of the NCAM, the basic molecule expressed on most neuroectodermally-derived cell lines, tissues and neoplasms (e.g. neuroblastomas, small cell carcinomas). It is also expressed on some mesodermally-derived tumors (rhabdomyosarcoma). Furthermore, anti-CD56 has found great utility in the recognition of NK cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas. It has been shown that 71% of myelomas are positive for anti-CD56 as well. It also offers higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of small cell carcinoma than anti-chromogranin and anti-synaptophysin and has been demonstrated as a useful marker for sex cord gonadal stromal tumors. Light staining of smooth muscle elements may be seen.

Composition: anti-human CD56 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: CD57 Antibody Clone NK-1

Description and applications: CD57 is expressed on a subpopulation of 15-20% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, about 60% of NK active cells and on a subset of T cells. It also reacts with a variety of cell types in non-lymphoid tissues. Staining was observed in glandular epithelium of prostate, peripheral nerve and central nervous system, glandular epithelium of ovary, bronchiolar epithelium and in syncytiotrophoblasts. Variable staining was seen in the colloid of thyroid and some focal staining in kidney epithelium. Additionally, some staining was observed in capillaries of various tissues, subsets of pancreatic islet cells, hepatocytes and ovarian stromal cells. It stains neuroendocrine cells and their tumors. Identification of natural killer cells (NK) in tissue sections or cell suspensions together with other lymphoid markers may be useful in identifying indolent lymphoproliferative disorders of NK cells (CD57 +), leukemias large granular T cells (CD57 is expressed in the common variant), NK / T extranodal lymphoma (usually CD56 + / CD57-) and Hodgkin lymphoma nodular lymphocyte-predominant (nodular paragranuloma) which contains an abundant reactive population of cells that frequently surrounds the tumour cells (rosette-like). Additional staining was observed in a range of common tumours including colon adenocarcinoma, prostatic adenocarcinoma and ovarian carcinoma.

Composition: anti-human CD57 mouse monoclonal antibody purified from ascites and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Name: CD63 Antibody Clone NKI/C3

Description and applications:The CD63 molecule, also called melanoma-associated antigen MLA1 or ME491, granulophysine, or
membrane-associated lysosomal glycoprotein 3 (LAMP-3), is a 53-kDa glycoprotein belonging to the transmembrane 4 protein superfamily or tetraspanins. It is made up of 237 amino acids and is commonly expressed in melanoma tumour cells, where it is associated with early stages of tumour progression. The ME491 gene, which encodes it, is located on the chromosomal region 12q13.2 and the lack of this protein has been observed in Hermansky- Pudlak syndrome, which is characterized by the presence of deficient lysosomes with dense granules and accumulation of ceroid material in reticuloendothelial system cells. Functionally, CD63 plays an important role in intracellular transport and is a necessary molecule in the trafficking processes that take place in the PMEL luminal domain, which are essential in the development and maturation of melanocytes. Similarly, CD63 is important for leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion through activation by P-selectin. Finally, CD63 appears to be involved in degranulation of mast cells in response to their activation through subunit beta of high affinity immunoglobulin receptor’s epsilon chain (Ms4a2/FceRI system). CD63 antigen is widely distributed in normal tissues,being present in platelets’ lysosomal granules, neutrophil granulocytes, and basophil granulocytes, as well as in a small proportion of inactive T cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages. In tumour cells, CD63 is expressed in dysplastic nevi and radial growth phase melanomas, as well as in renal angiomyolipoma, cellular neurothekeoma, atypical fibroxanthoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, clear cell fibrous papule of the nose, and non-neural granular cell tumour of the skin. Its usefulness has also been proven in the differential diagnosis between renal oncocytomas, which show apical staining, and renal cell carcinomas with eosinophilic cytoplasm, which show diffuse cytoplasmic staining. Other tumours such as breast carcinomas, Merkel cell carcinomas, astrocytomas, and lung adenocarcinomas may also show positive staining, being, in the latter two cases, an indicator of a better prognosis.

Composition: Anti-human CD63 mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Name: CD99 Antibody Clone EP8

Description and applications: CD99 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, also known as MIC2. It is involved in T cell adhesion, leukocyte migration and differentiation of primitive neuroectodermal cell.
CD99 labels lymphocyte, ovarian granulosa cells, pancreatic islet cells, Sertoli cells, CNS ependymal cells and endothelial cells. CD99 has been useful in diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma, sex cord-stromal tumor, endocrine tumor of pancreas. Additionally, CD99 is found in a subset of other tumors including lymphoblastic lymphoma, breast carcinoma and other malignancies.
This CD99 antibody has been validated with excellent staining result by Nordic Immunohistochemical Quality Control (NordiQC).

Composition: anti-human CD99 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified by protein affinity. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues on the C-terminus of human CD99 protein.

Name: CDX2 Antibody Clone EP25

Description and applications: The caudal-related homeodomain protein 2, CDX-2, is a transcription factor which is expressed in the intestine and is thought to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. The CDX-2 protein is expressed in primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas, intestinal metaplasia of the stomach and intestinal type gastric cancer. In human colorectal cancer, the expression of both CDX2 and carbonic anhydrase 1, a gene regulated by CDX2, is reduced or absent. CDX-2 is one of the important regulators in defining pathways for coordinate control of drug metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract. Most of the mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary, ampullary, gastric or esophageal adenocarcinomas show immunoreactivity for CDX2 even though,heterogeneous and less intense than in colorectal carcinomas. In endometrial and pancreatic adenocarcinomas CDX2 expression it is exceptional while breast adenocarcinomas, including the mucinous ones, stain negative for CDX2. Approximately 10% of lung adenocarcinomas may be positive for CDX2.

Composition: anti-human Thyroglobulin rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the C-term of human CDX-2 protein.

Name: CDX2 Antibody (Clone EP25)

Description and applications: The caudal-related homeodomain protein 2, CDX-2, is a transcription factor which is expressed in the intestine and is thought to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. The CDX-2 protein is expressed in primary and metastatic colorectal carcinomas, intestinal metaplasia of the stomach and intestinal type gastric cancer. In human colorectal cancer, the expression of both CDX2 and carbonic anhydrase 1, a gene regulated by CDX2, is reduced or absent. CDX-2 is one of the important regulators in defining pathways for coordinate control of drug metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract. Most of the mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary, ampullary, gastric or esophageal adenocarcinomas show immunoreactivity for CDX2 even though,heterogeneous and less intense than in colorectal carcinomas. In endometrial and pancreatic adenocarcinomas CDX2 expression it is exceptional while breast adenocarcinomas, including the mucinous ones, stain negative for CDX2. Approximately 10% of lung adenocarcinomas may be positive for CDX2.

Composition: anti-human Thyroglobulin rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the C-term of human CDX-2 protein.

Name : Rabbit anti-human CGA (Glycoprotein Hormone Alpha) Monoclonal Antibody clone EP3373

Description and applications: CGA belongs to the glycoprotein hormones alpha chain family, which includes the alpha subunits of chorionic gonadotropin (CG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH). Glycoprotein hormones have the most complex chemical structures of the classical protein hormones. They are dimers consisting of alpha and beta subunits that are covalently associated. These hormones share the same alpha subunit; however, their beta chains are unique and confer them biological specificity. These hormones are essential for the complex endocrine system, which regulates normal growth, sexual development, and reproductive function.The gene encoding the chorionic gonadotropin alpha chain is located on the chromosome region 6q14.3. Hormones LH, FSH, and TSH are secreted by the anterior pituitary, whereas CG is secreted by the placenta. Immunohistochemical detection of chorionic gonadotropin alpha and beta subunits is observed in most non-functional pituitary adenomas, whereas only about 0.6% of these adenomas express the alpha subunit exclusively. In serum, hypersecretion of chorionic gonadotropin alpha subunit is observed in more than 65% of non-functional adenomas, which makes this antibody a useful tool for confirming diagnosis.

Composition: Anti-human CGA rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Immunogen: Synthetic peptide corresponding to human protein CGA residues.

Name: c-Myc  Antibody clone Y69

Description and applications: The c-MYC gene is located at chromosome 8q24. It is required for
progression through the cell cycle and promotes cellular proliferation. The t(8;14)(q24;q32) translocation and the c-MYC/immunoglobulin heavy-chain (IGH) fusion gene are not only in Burkitt lymphoma, but are also seen in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, blastic mantle cell lymphoma and transformed follicular lymphoma. In another study on predicting c-MYC translocation in 17 cases of Burkitt lymphomas (BLs) and 19 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), Ruzinova et al. reported that the sensitivity and specificity of this c-Myc antibody on identifying tumor harboring a c- MYC rearrangement reached 96% and 90% respectively. This novel c-Myc antibody is a useful tool for identifying aggressive B-cell lymphomas likely to harbor a c-MYC rearrangement, and thus warrant genetic testing. In addition to its aberrant expression in lymphomas, c-Myc amplification and overexpression are also implicated in tumor progression or prognosis in many other malignancies including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer and soft tissue leiomyosarcoma. By utilizing this anti-c- Myc antibody coupled with genetically defined control experiments, a recent study by Gurel et al. demonstrated the specificity of this c-Myc antibody in the staining of paraffin-embedded prostate normal and tumor tissues. Upregulation of nuclear c-Myc protein expression may be a critical oncogenic event in driving human prostate cancer initiation and progression.

Composition: Anti-human c-Myc rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues in N-terminus of human c-Myc protein.

Name: Collagen II Antibody Clone 2B1.5

Description and applications:This antibody is highly specific to type II collagen and shows no crossreaction with types I, III, IV, V, VI, IX, X, or XI. In Western blotting, 2B1.5 MAb reacts with the TCB fragment of pepsin digested type II collagen after digestion with mammalian collagenase. It also reacts with lathyritic type II collagen.

Composition: Anti-human Collagen II mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: A purified preparation of lathyritic type II collagen from embryonic chicken sternum.

Name: Collagen IV Antibody Clone CIV22

Description and applications: Collagen IV is a major constituent of the basement membranes along with laminins and enactins. It is composed of alpha1(IV) chain and alpha2(IV) chain in 2:1 ratio. It can form insoluble fibers with high tensile strength. Antibody to collagen IV is useful in detecting the loss of parts of basement membrane in carcinomas.

Composition: Anti-human Collagen IV mouse (cocktail) antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: Human glomeruli.

Name: Rabbit anti-human Cyclin E1 Monoclonal Antibody clone EP126

Description and applications: This antibody reacts with human protein cyclin E. E-type cyclins (cyclin E1 and cyclin E2) are expressed during the late G1 phase of the cell cycle and until the end of the S phase. Cyclin E activity is limited by the passage of the cells through the “R” restriction point, which marks a “point of no return” for cells going into division from a quiescent state (G0) or through G1 and S phases. Cyclin E expression is mainly regulated by gene transcription by members of the E2F transcription factor family and by degradation through the proteasome catabolic pathway. Cyclin E binds and activates Cdk2 kinase and, through phosphorylation of this kinase’s substrate, the socalled pocket proteins, the cyclin/Cdk2 complex regulates the entry into the S phase by initiating a cascade of events that allows the specific expression of S-phase genes. In addition, cyclin E plays a direct role in the initiation of DNA replication and in the control of genomic and centrosome stability. Overexpression of cyclin E shortens the G1 phase of the cell cycle, accelerating progression to the S phase. High levels of cyclin E expression have been associated with the initiation and progression of different human neoplasms, particularly breast cancer, leukaemias, and lymphomas, among others.

Composition: Anti-human Cyclin E1 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Immunogen: Recombinant protein corresponding to residues from human protein cyclin E.

Name: Keratin CAM5.2 Antibody Clone CAM5.2

Description and applications: The nomenclature coined in 1982 by Moll and Franke assigned ranges from 1 to 8 for keratin type II (neutral or basic) and between 9 and 21 for type I (acidic). However and because of the high homology among the different molecules is common for a single monoclonal antibody to react with different types of keratins. Keratin CAM 5.2 antibody reacts with 38-50 kD molecular weight keratins present in most simple and ductal epithelia. This antibody is useful for identifying normal and neoplastic epithelial cells in histological sections. Positive stain is obtained in adenocarcinomas of the breast, bowel, liver, renal, neuroendocrine carcinomas (eg Merkel cell tumor), mesotheliomas , germ cell tumors (except seminoma), synovial and epithelioid sarcoma. Some tissues of non-epithelial origin can be immunostained as smooth muscle, some breast sarcomas, meningiomas and malignant neuroblastomas. CAM 5.2 doesn´t stain the stratified epitheliums and does not react with carcinomas arising in the esophagus, vagina and cervix. Negative results were also obtained in lymphomas, melanomas, meningiomas, sarcomas and seminomas.

Composition: IgG2a immunoglobulin, obtained from mouse ascites purified by chromatography and diluted in Tris Buffer, pH 7.3-7.7, with 1% BSA and <0.1% Sodium Azide.

Imunogen: human colorectal carcinoma cell line HT24.

Name: Mouse Anti-Progesterone Receptor (PR) Monoclonal Antibody clone 16

Description and applications: This mouse monoclonal antibody clone 16 it has been demonstrated to react with both A and B forms of human progesterone receptor by Western blotting procedure. In normal conditions, the nuclear expression of PR occurs in the acinary cells of the breast, endometrium (proliferative phase glands and stroma are strongly positive while absence or variable expression is noted in the secretory phase glands and stroma) myometrium and superficial cervical stroma. PR along with estrogen receptors, Cerb-B2, Ki-67 and p53 are considered to have prognostic value in breast cancer. As the neoplastic growth is hormone dependent, the increased expression of PR is associated with a better response to Tamoxifen-treatment in breast cancers. PR determination is also useful in gynecologic pathology where is positive in endometrial adenocarcinoma, stromal sarcomas or leiomyomas. Meningiomas also show positivity for the PR.

Composition: anti-PR mouse monoclonal antibody obtained from supernatant culture and prediluted in a tris buffered solution pH 7.4 containing 0.375mM sodium azide solution as bacteriostatic and bactericidal.

Immunogen: Recombinant protein encoding N-terminal region of human progesterone receptor.