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Name: Cytokeratin 8 antibody clone EP17

Description and aplications: Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) is an intermediate filament protein produced early in embryogenesis. It is the only type-II CK occurring in many simple epithelial in respiratory, gastrointestinal, male and female reproductive tract and thyroid. CK8 is often co-expressed with Cytokeratin 18. CK8/18 is the major keratin pair in simple-type epithelia, as found in the liver, pancreas, and intestine. CK8 antibody is used to detect adenocarcinomas with simple epithelium origin. The difference in staining pattern is useful to distinguish duct (peripheral staining) from lobular (perinuclear staining) breast carcinoma

Composition: anti-human cytokeratin 8 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding on the C-terminus

Name : Cytokeratin 8/18  antibody clone B22.1/B23.1

Description and applications:Cytokeratins 8&18 can be found in most simple epithelium,e.g. thyroid,female breast, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract. Adenocarcinomas and most non-keratinizing squamous carcinomas will stain, but keratinizing squamous carcinomas will not. This antibody is used when attempting to demonstrate the presence of Paget cells; there is very little keratin 18 in the normal epidermis so this will only stain Paget cells. This approach facilitates the interpretation using immunostains and is more sensitive than mucin histochemistry.

Composition:Anti-human Cytokeratin 8/18 cocktail of two mouse monoclonal antibodies purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use : Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Name: Cytokeratin 8/18/19 Antibody clone B22.1&B23.1/BA17

Description and application: Keratins are cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins expressed by epithelial cells. Cytokeratins 8 & 18 (CK 8 & 18) can be found in most simple epithelia, e.g. thyroid, female breast, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract. Adenocarcinomas and most non-keratinizing squamous carcinomas will stain with anti-CK 8 & 18, but keratinizing squamous carcinomas will not. This antibody is used when attempting to demonstrate the presence of Paget cells; there is very little keratin 18 in the normal epidermis so this will only stain Paget cells. The use of immunostaining facilitates the interpretation and has been shown to be more sensitive than mucin histochemistry. Cytokeratin 19 is a member of type I acidic subfamily of intermediate filaments. It is expressed in various different human tissues except in liver. Keratin 19 is not expressed in hepatocytes, therefore, antibody to keratin 19 is useful in the identification of liver metastasis.

Composition: Anti-human Cytokeratin 8/18/19 Mouse monoclonal antibody prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Name: DNA-Binding Protein SATB2 Monoclonal Antibody clone EP281

Description and applications: DNA-binding protein SATB2, also known as Special ATrich sequence-binding protein 2, is a nuclear matrixassociated transcription factor. SATB2 acts as a docking site for chromatin remodelling enzymes and recruits co-activators and co-repressors to control nuclear gene expression. SATB2 also regulates skeletal development, osteoblast differentiation, and modulates immunoglobulin expression. In normal tissues, strong nuclear SATB2 expression is observed in essentially all glandular cells lining the lower gastrointestinal tract, including the appendix, colon, and rectum. SATB2 is also expressed in a subset of neuronal cells from the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. In tumor tissues, SATB2 is detected in cancer cells of colorectal origin and may function as a clinically useful diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer (CRC). In a multi-cohort study with 1882 primary and metastatic CRCs, SATB2 shows high sensitivity (85%) for CRC, and further enhanced to 93% when stained in conjunction with Cytokeratin 20. A recent study showed SATB2 expression in 89% of medullary carcinomas of the large intestine. SATB2 has been suggested as a valuable prognostic marker: high SATB2 expression was determined as an independent marker of good prognosis and sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation in CRC while loss of SATB2 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in laryngeal carcinoma patients.

Composition: Anti-human SATB2 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Name: CEAm Antibody clone COL-1

Description and applications: This antibody has a high affinity for CEA and shows no detectable reactivity to nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), biliary glycoprotein (BGP) and human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Ab-3 shows no reaction with a variety of normal tissues .CEA is not found in benign glands, stroma, or malignant prostatic cells. Antibody to CEA is useful in detecting early foci of gastric carcinoma and in distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas (60-70% are CEA+) from pleural mesotheliomas (rarely or weakly CEA+).

Composition: anti-human CEA mouse monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Name:  S100-A1 Protein Antibody clone EP184

Description and applications: The S100-A1 protein belongs to the S100 protein family, a set of 25 small acidic molecules with a molecular mass of 10-12 kDa that are functionally grouped into homo or heterodimers composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, with extensive sequence homology and capable of combining with each other. There exist up to 14 variants of the alpha chain gene, which is located on chromosome 1q21; on the contrary, there is only one sequence of the beta chain gene, located on chromosome 21q22.3, showing its greater functional specificity. Depending on the combination between the alpha and beta single chains and the homology of their sequences, there exist three forms of S-100 protein: A, with at least 15 subtypes between A1 and A15, B, and G. In their dimeric form, S100 proteins, together with calmodulin and troponin C, belong to the calcium binding protein family; their affinity for this ion, as well as for other metals such as zinc, is remarkable. It is for this reason that the S100 protein is involved in numerous basic cellular activities such as cation diffusion across lipid membranes, microtubule assembly, and regulation of RNA polymerase activity. In neurons, the S100 protein also regulates the interaction between chromosomes and synaptosomes. As for the S100-A1 protein, its most important role is to regulate myocardial contractility. In normal tissues, S100-A1 protein expression is observed at the sarcolemma of the cardiac and the skeletal muscle, in a smaller proportion in the latter; likewise, this protein is found in renal tubule and brain cells. It is not expressed in other tissues. In neoplasms, S100-A1 protein expression has been investigated predominantly in renal tumour pathology, where it is important for the diagnosis of oncocytic tumours, both oncocytomas and oncocytic papillary carcinomas, and allows the differential diagnosis with chromophobe carcinomas, especially its eosinophilic variant, which does not express this protein. For this reason, the S100-A1 protein, together with cytokeratin 7, vimentin, and c-kit (CD117) has been included in the optimal panel for the diagnosis of renal oncocytomas. Additionally, and compared to normal urothelium, which may exhibit very slight staining, nephrogenic adenomas show intense cytoplasmic and/or nuclear/cytoplasmic staining. For all of the above reasons, the S100-A1 protein, together with PAX8, p63, PSA, and CEA, is a highly sensitive and specific marker for the diagnosis of nephrogenic adenomas, making it a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of male urinary and genital system tumours, including prostatic adenocarcinomas, which are regularly negative for this protein. The S100-A1 protein is also useful in the differential diagnosis between dysplastic melanocytic nevi and malignant melanoma, with slight staining in the former and more intense staining in the latter, in contrast to the S100-B protein, which tends to
present greater expression in nevus lesions, except in areas of melanoma with high proliferation. Finally, in both endometrial and ovarian endometrioid carcinomas, S100-A1 protein overexpression is an
indicator of a poorer prognosi .

Composition: Anti-human S100-A1 Protein rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting

Clone: EP184

Ig isotype: IgG

IHC positive control: Myocardium, skeletal muscle, or renal cell carcinoma tissue section.

Visualization: Cytoplasm.

Name: Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1 Antibody clone EP310

Description and applications: LEF1 is a nuclear protein of 42 kDa of molecular weight that is codified by the gen LEF1 located on the chromosomal region 4q25. It belongs to a family of regulatory proteins that share structural homology with high mobility group proteins (HMG1). LEF1 is expressed in pre-B and pre-T lymphocytes, where, through the Wnt signaling pathway, acts as an essential transcription factor for the proliferation and survival of these cells. The activations of the Wnt pathway leads to the accumulation of β-catenin and, eventually, to the gene transcription involved in the survival and cell cycle. The sustained activation with overexpression of LEF1, as it occurs in the chronic ymphoid leukemia, has been proven to play an important role in the molecular carcinogenesis, where its inhibition in experimental animal models leads to apoptosis of the neoplastic cells. In normal lymphoid tissues, the nuclear staining of LEF1 is observed to be predominant in T cells of the paracortical regions without being detected in the B cells, where their differentiation towards mature elements and plasmocytes is accompanied by the loss of the expression of LEF1.
In lymphoid neoplasias, the presence of over 10% of stained tumor cells is considered as positive staining and LEF1 is a marker with high specificity for the diagnosis of chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma, including both the CD5 positive and CD5 negative cases if the cell morphology is concordant. The staining of LEF1 is in direct correlation with the expression of ZAP70 and implies a more favorable prognosis for the neoplasia without observing a correlation with the expression of CD38, the deletion of p53 or the trisomy 12. Nonetheless, and in probable relation with the sensitivity and specificity of the methods and antibodies used for the detection of LEF1, in other lymphomas, variable positive results have been obtained, so that the antibody has focal staining in up to 50% of the high grade follicular lymphomas and 40% of the diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, of which 18% are associated with the transformation of CLL in the Richter’s syndrome. In this later case, the staining is usually more intense in the areas with more atypia. Although most of publications confirm the negativity of the marginal and mantel cell lymphomas, more recent studies have proven focal staining in isolated cases. Additionally, and as LEF1 offers simultaneous staining in the reactive T lymphocytes often trapped within the clonal proliferative process, the correlation of the staining of LEF1 with other T marker as CD3, as well as other specific markers, is very advisable. LEF1 expression in other neoplasias, such as colon or pancreatic adenocarcinomas, has been mentioned in
isolated studies.

Composition: Anti-human LEF1 rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Intended use: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissues. Not tested on frozen tissues or Western-Blotting