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Name: Antibody Retinoblastoma clone same as Rb1) 1F8

Description and applications: Rb is a tumor suppressor nuclear phosphoprotein capable of binding to DNA. It is phosphorylated on serine and threonine, but not on tyrosine residues. It forms a complex with SV40 large T antigen, adenovirus E1A and human papilloma virus-16 E. Rb protein may act by regulating transcription and loss of its function leads to uncontrolled cell growth. 90% of neoplasias express moderately or intensely pRb (carcinomas of the breast, colon, stomach, endometrium, head and neck, lung, neuroendocrine, gliomas, lymphomas, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, kidney, urothelial, cutaneous and thyroid). The alteration of the Rb gene with the absence of nuclear expression of pRb has been demonstrated in some human tumors, including retinoblastoma, breast carcinoma, prostate cancer, lung cancer and some sarcomas.

Composition: Anti-human Retinoblastoma mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name: Antibody S100 Protein clone 4C4.9

Description and aplications:
S100 belongs to the family of calcium binding proteins such as calmodulin and troponin C. S100A is composed of an alpha and beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. S100 protein is also expressed in the antigen presenting cells such as the Langerhans cells in skin and interdigitating reticulum cells in the paracortex of lymph nodes. The S100 antibody staines schwannomas, ependymomas, astrogliomas, most melanomas and their metastases. It is also characteristic in adipose and chondroid tissue benign and malignant neoplasms. It can also be used as a myoepithelial marker for breast pathology diagnostic. Therefore, this antibody is useful for the identification of malignant melanomas, neuroectodermal, adipocytic and chondroid tumors. This antibody has a cross-reactivity with smooth muscle fibers that can be visible in some occasions.

Composition: anti-human S100 Mouse monoclonal antibody purified from ascites. Prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name:Antibody S100-Beta Protein clone SP127

Description and applications: S100 proteins are a set of 25 small acidic molecules with a molecular mass of 10-12 kDa that are functionally grouped into homo or heterodimers composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, capable of combining with each other and with extensive sequence homology. There exist up to 14 variants of the alpha chain gene, which is located on chromosome 1q21; on the contrary, there is only one sequence of the beta chain gene, located on chromosome 21q22.3, showing its greater functional specificity. In its dimeric form, the S100 protein, together with calmodulin and troponin C, belongs to the calcium binding protein family; its affinity for this ion, as well as for other metals such as zinc, is remarkable. It is for this reason that the S100 protein is involved in basic cellular activities such as cation diffusion across lipid membranes, microtubule assembly, and RNA polymerase activity. In neurons, the S100 protein also regulates the interaction between chromosomes and synaptosomes. Depending on the combination between the alpha and beta single chains to form dimers and the homology of their sequences, there exist three forms of S-100 protein: A, with at least 15 subtypes between A1 and A14, B, and G. The S100-B protein is a 21-kDa beta-chain homodimer involved in the regulation of numerous processes that require calcium ion flow stimulation. The S100-B protein is present in neurons, glial cells of the central nervous system, Schwann cells and satellite cells of the peripheral nervous system (but not perineural cells), melanocytes, myoepithelial cells, glandular epithelia of the breast and the kidney, skeletal muscle and heart cells, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. This molecule is also expressed in antigen-presenting cells such as Langerhans cells of the skin, and interdigitating dendritic cells in the T-cell areas of lymphoid tissue. In contrast, the S100-B protein is not present in smooth muscle fibres. In neoplasms, the S100-B protein is highly expressed in tumours of the central and peripheral nervous systems and in melanomas, including desmoplastic melanoma. However, up to 4% of melanomas may be negative against this antibody, suggesting the need to assess this staining within a minimal panel of antimelanoma antibodies that at least includes the HMB45 and Melan A markers. Likewise and in comparison with primary lesions, some loss of expression of the S100-B protein has been observed in metastatic melanoma lesions. The S100-B protein is also useful in the diagnosis of tumours derived from cartilage, adipose tissue, and interdigitating reticular cells in lymphoid tissue, as well as granular cell peripheral nerve sheath tumours, myoepithelial tumours, paragangliomas (sustentacular cells), PEComas, Rosai-Dorfman disease, clear cell sarcoma, chordoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and isolated cases of synovial sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Atypical fibroxanthomas, cardiac sarcomas, myofibroblastomas, xanthomas, and solitary fibrous tumours are all negative for S100-B. Finally, altered overexpression of the beta-chain gene with S100-B protein overexpression may be found in the basis of some of the lesions observed in various types of neurological and genetic diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Down’s syndrome (trisomy 21), epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and type I diabetes, in which an excess of the S100-B protein has a potential neurotoxic effect. In this sense, several tests have been developed for serum determination of this cell damage marker in these patients.

Composition: Anti-human S100-Beta Protein rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name:Antibody Serotonin clone 5HT-H209

Description and applications: Serotonin-positive cells are present in gastric, duodenal, jejunal, ileal, colonic, and appendiceal mucosae. Positive cells are sparse and usually occur in the lower half of the gastric and intestinal mucosae. In the appendix, in addition to the mucosal serotonincontaining cells, there are single or small clusters of serotoninpositive cells in the sub-epithelial region of the lamina propria.

Composition: Anti-human Serotonin mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name:Antibody Skeletal Muscle Actin clone 5C5,F8,C7

Description and applications: 5C5.F8.C7 MAb is highly specific and shows no crossreaction with smooth muscle actin. This antibody reacts with sarcomeric actins of normal tissues and neoplasms derived from such tissues (i.e. rhabdomyosarcomas).

Composition: Anti-human Skeletal Muscle Actin mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name: P62 Antibody clone LCK LIGAND 3/P62

Description and applications: This antibody recognises phosphotyrosine p62, a member of the c-src family of cytoplasmic kinases, which binds as a ligand to the SH2 domains of p56 (Lcr) in the absence of phosphotyrosine. p62/SQSTM1 is an adapter protein targeting the protein aggregates ubiquitinated by lysosomal degradation. p62/SQSTM1 is selectively degraded via the autophagic pathway. Mallory’s hyaline and intracellular hyaline bodies are associated with chronic non-neoplastic liver diseases (steatohepatitis, related or not to alcohol abuse; toxic or metabolic chronic cholestasis) and with neoplastic liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma. These inclusions are related to and contain keratin aggregates, especially keratin 8, ubiquitin, heat shock proteins, and the stress adaptor protein p62, stabilized by bonds catalysed by transglutaminases. P62 binds to ubiquitin and acts as an adaptor to bind ubiquitinated proteins. Autophagy is an evolutionary highly conserved degradative mechanism affecting the components of the cytoplasm that contributes to homoeostasis by making organelle replacement possible. Unlike the ubiquitin-proteosome system, the autophagy mechanism occurs in multiple steps that include the formation of the phagophore, which traps proteins and organelles for its degradation, and the autophagosome, which, through mechanisms involving cytoskeleton’s microtubules, fuses with lysosomes to form autolysosomes, where the material is eventually degraded. This antibody is useful for the identification of p62, found in Mallory’s hyaline and intracellular hyaline bodies present in chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinomas. It is also useful to detect p62 in autophagic vacuoles present in various neurodegenerative, neoplastic infectious, and inflammatory neuromuscular diseases.

Composition: Anti-human P62 mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name: Pancreatic lipase Antibody clone EPR6275

Description and applications: Pancreatic lipase is a 56kDa molecular mass enzyme actively secreted in the duodenum by the pancreas in the presence of bile salts and colipase. It belongs to the family of triglyceride lipases, of which there are at least three tissue-specific isoenzymes (pancreatic, hepatic and gastric and lingual) that break down dietary fats by converting triglycerides into monoglycerides and free fatty acids. Pancreatic lipase together with bile salts favors the absorption into the lymphatic system of the monomers resulting from digestion. Human pancreatic lipase is encoded by the PNLIP gene of 13 exons and more than 20 kb, located on the chromosomal region 10q25.3. In normal tissues this antibody identifies pancreatic acinar cells and in neoplasms it recognizes acinary cell carcinoma of the pancreas, which expresses this marker in more than 50% of cases. For this reason and integrated in a panel of suitable antibodies, pancreatic lipase allows the differentiation of acinar adenocarcinoma of pancreas from other malignancies with similar morphology (especially neuroendocrine carcinoma with acinary architecture) and establish the pancreatic origin of distant metastases, that on numerous occasions may be the first manifestation of the tumor.

Composition: Anti-human Pancreatic lipase mouse monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name:Antibody Calponin clone EP63

Description and applications: Calponin is a smooth muscle specific, actin-, tropomyosin- and calmodulin-binding protein thought to be involved in regulation of actomyosin as well as the regulation or modulation of contraction. It is expressed on smooth muscle cells and myoepithelial cells. Calponin antibody has been used to identify invasion of breast lesion. Additionally, Calponin is expressed on malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone and adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland. The consistently positive staining pattern in adenoid cystic carcinomas may be useful in discriminating

Composition: Anti-human Calponin rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide

Name: Delta Catenin-1 (p120)  (Clone EP66)

Description and applications:Catenins are proteins that are linked to the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane cadherins. p120 Catenin is a member of this Armadillo gene family of junctional plaque proteins. The association of catenins to cadherins produces a complex which is linked to the actin filament network, and which seems to be important for cadherins cell-adhesion properties. Cytoplasmic accumulation of p120 Catenin has been observed in lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and colon cancers and is associated with poor progress in colon cancer patients. In breast lobular neoplasia, anti p120 Catenin shows a diffuse cytoplasmic immunostaining pattern, while breast ductal neoplasia retains the membrane immunostaining pattern. p120 Catenin antibody is useful in differentiation of lobular carcinoma from ductal carcinoma of the breast and in identifying early lesions of lobular neoplasia.

Composition:Anti-human Delta Catenin-1 (p120) rabbit monoclonal antibody purified from serum and prepared in 10mM PBS, pH 7.4, with 0.2% BSA and 0.09% sodium azide.

Immunogen: A synthetic peptide corresponding to residues in human p120 Catenin protein.